Occupations through the years

This is a broad summary of occupations through the years looking across the whole breadth of the family tree not solely concentrating on the direct-line portion. The list of occupations is based on a range of records e.g.

  • Official registrations (births, marriages, deaths).
  • Church records (baptism, marriage).
  • Census.

In most instances the record provides no real detail on the occupation but gives a fairly generic label (e.g., labourer, railway worker, agricultural labourer). Also, a single type of occupation may be referred to using different labels. But it is possible to provide a general picture of the breadth of occupations undertaken by our forebears.

Across the records available there are more than 300 job titles used with the great majority appearing just once or twice. So, for this summary, the individual job titles were allocated to broader job categories (e.g., domestic service (groom, kitchen maid, housemaid etc.); transport (mainly various railway employments); industrial (iron workers, miners etc.); miscellaneous (not falling into another particular category); etc.). [See tables below for the main job titles within the six main broad categories].

For the whole period 1800-1949, the largest number of individuals were employed in the industrial category (17%), followed by manufacturing, domestic service and transport; these four categories accounting for over 50% of those employed. [See fig 1].

Fig. 1.

Additionally, employments have been listed in 50-year periods (1800-1849, 1850-1899 & 1900-1949) to look at broad changes in types of employment across the years. [It should be noted that the number of records of individuals researched are not equal across periods so comparisons should be seen as a general indication only].

If the 50-year periods are compared there is a noticeable drop in the number of people employed in agriculture and domestic service between 1850-1899 & 1900-1949; while between those two periods there is a large increase in those employed in the transport category (mainly on the railways). These changes, although based on a relatively small number of individuals, are probably a reflection of change generally within society during this period. [See fig 2].

Fig. 2.

Individual categories of employment should be the subjects of more detailed articles in the future.

Broad job categoryIndustrialMiscellaneousTransport
                  Individual job titleMinerWindow cleanerRailway platelayer
DyerSlaughterhouse caretakerRailway porter
Puddler – ironworksRetired Jockey & trainerRailway surveyors chainman
Chemical works labourerClerkRailway goods guard
Iron works – LabourerSlaughterhouse superindentantCarrier
ForgemanClerkessRailway refreshments – Dept. Supervisor
Coal MinerFishermanCarter
Iron workerHouse painterRailway Clerk
Mine calciner Railway refreshments – Waitress
Collier Railway labourer
Bricksetter Railway guard
Salt boiler  
Chemical labourer  
Salt maker  
Engine fitter  
Steel works labourer  
    
Broad job categoryManufacturingRetailDomestic Service
        Individual job titleConfectionary warehousemanMillinerDomestic servant
Velvet cutterIronmonger’s assistantGroom
WeaverBakerCoachman
Tobacco spinner Charwoman
Woolen Weaver General domestic servant
Power loom weaver Horse breaker
Shipwright Housekeeper
Shipwright – Apprentice Gamekeeper
   Housemaid